XS1B Engine Teardown

Jim

Beyond the edge is the unknown. "Here be Dragons."
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All the way back in 2012 I picked up this bike. It belonged to the guys dad who had recently passed away. He knew nothing about it and just wanted it gone. $100 later and it was mine.

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All that's left of it is the engine. Everything else except for the wheels and brakes has been sold off over the years. This thread will document the teardown, inspection and buildup of the engine. Kinda lazy on the pics, but it was a nasty, grody mess on the outside and it was locked up. I recall that shortly after I got it home I squirted a healthy dose of P B Blaster down both plug holes. Glad I did.

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First thing I did was squirt some more Blaster down the plug holes and see if I could get it to spin. To my absolute amazement, a wrench on the rotor nut and a good smack and I had movement. A few rocks back and forth and it was free. Without a doubt the easiest "unlock" I've ever done. Sounds promising, eh?

The rocker box was already off because I robbed the cam out of it ages ago. Head and jugs came off with no fuss. The jury's still out until I do some cleaning and measuring, but they look to be in pretty good shape. Currently coolin' their heals in the wash tank.

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Pistons look good. I know it looks like a lot of scoring on the skirts, but actually there's very little. This damn Pixel magnifies everything. Oddly, the top and bottom rings are seized in their grooves... but the second ring isn't. That's a head scratcher. There we NO needle bearings in the con rod little end, so as far as I know that makes this an XS1B engine and not the XS1... correct??

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On the left side the rotor still looks in good shape.

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Also on the top end... there was evidence of red RTV, so the top's been opened up before. Pulled the right cover. There didn't appear to be any signs it'd ever been opened before, but I found this laying on the bottom of the cover.... the nut and worm gear for the tach drive. No signs of the tach drive shaft or other bits. Odd huh? Luckily the oil pump gear stayed in place all by itself.

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The clutch was similarly untouched. Funny, there was a discussion here today on the rubber rings Yamaha installed in the clutch... the ones everyone shit cans when they replace the discs.

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Rolled it over and split the cases.

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Spun the tranny through all 5 gears and everything shifted smoothly. Just a visual inspection, but the dogs and gear teeth almost look like they've never been used.

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A bit dirty, but the crank looks to be in excellent condition. There's still copper showing inside the little ends and all the bearings feel tight.

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Overall, a pretty easy teardown. I'll get everything cleaned up and start some measuring. All in all, I think I got pretty lucky with this one... it appears to be a pretty easy rebuild... not to jinx myself or anything. "Sides, I ain't superstitious.

Oh, and this motor's already spoken for. :whistle:
 
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There we NO needle bearings in the crank little end, so as far as I know that makes this an XS1B engine and not the XS1... correct??
Yes, and the VIN also makes it an XS1B.
Very strange about the tach drive. If only the engine could talk. The tach drive shaft can be pulled out of a sealed engine, and the shim on the end of the shaft might come out with it. But how does the nut holding the worm gear unscrew itself -- unless there is no lockwasher, like there should be, and which you apparently didn't find? Maybe that explains it?
 
There we NO needle bearings in the con rod little end, so as far as I know that makes this an XS1B engine and not the XS1... correct??

Needed a place to post this table, so put it in here. It's the best I could come up with, pouring through old parts manuals and service/parts bulletins. There's an awful lot of early model changes that don't seem to have any supporting documentation (13 changes to heads???), and will probably remain as mysteries. Updates, changes, revisions happily encouraged.

(Notes on the very early XS650s, derived from parts manuals and bulletins)

1970 XS1- S650-000101 to S650-006686 = 6586 bikes
1971 XS1B S650-007101 to S650-025383 = 18283 bikes (includes XS1F)
1972 XS2- S650-100101 to S650-133900 = 33800 bikes
1973 TX650 S650-200101 to S650-2?????
1974 TX650A 447-000101 to 447-012250 = 12,150 bikes

(Updated 10-21-2019)
256 Engine change chronology by S650- serial number:

1970 XS1 S650-
000136 - Add metal chainguide over shiftshaft, discontinue plastic protective sleeve.
001125 - Clutch worm now metal with nylon housing, new left engine cover, new right oil filter cover (o-ring changed to gasket).
001235 - Transmission mainshaft needle bearing OD change, new rev-1 cases, reinforcing gussets added behind left rear cylinder stud.
001587 - Camshaft Endcover change, advancer side.
002487 - Change to front camchain tensioner bolt holes, new cylinder.
002515 - Carburetor change, from W1 to E2 (see bulletin #246)
003269 - Connecting Rod change, discontinue small-end needle bearings.
003430 - New Cases rev-2, Gussets continue, longer left & right case cover screws.
003629 - Carburetor change, from E2 to E3 (see bulletin #246)
004130 - Oil Pump & sump screen change, from 4mm to 6mm rotor.
005830 - Change to kickstart shaft (see bulletin #300).

1971 XS1B/F S650-
007344 - Added outer spring to intakes' balance tube.
008244 - Change to kickstart shaft, needle bearing thrustwasher replaced with shims and circlip.
009685 - Oil Breather change, from 1-pipe to 2- pipe (see bulletin #320).
015654 - Head & Camcover change (now at rev-13).
016844 - Camshaft Endcover change, points side, and gaskets.
017968 - Tachometer drive change, separate screw adapter for tach cable now used.
018608 - Camchain tensioner system change, from type 'A' to 'B'. (6-hole tensioner on 4-hole cylinder)
022833 - New Cases rev-3, Gussets behind left rear cylinder stud removed, Front mount nose shortened, Oil pump change to 8mm rotor, revised banjo hole.
023130 - Piston change, compression ratio changed from 8.7:1 to 8.1:1.

1972 XS2 S650-
To-be-done....EGADS!!!

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XS1/XS1B engine case evolution

1970 XS1 S650-
000101 - Rev-0 case, no reinforcing gussets behind left rear cylinder stud.
001235 - Rev-1 case, Reinforcing gussets added, Transmission mainshaft needle bearing OD change.
003430 - Rev-2 case, Gussets continued, longer left & right case cover screws.

1971 XS1B/F S650-
022833 - Rev-3 case, Gussets behind left rear cylinder stud discontinued, Front mount nose shortened.
That darned 2many, still helping out.
Rumor is he has added a reverse gear and stomp shifter to his Victory....

PS following :popcorn:
 
I wonder how long the engine that came off of ran? 🤔
Good question. Wish I could remember which engine it was off of. :umm:

Happy valves, crank bearings and tranny not so much?
Wonder if the oil passages in the head are restricted enough anyways it doesn't really hurt anything?
Good thing they're balls and rollers.

Oil path is thru the restrictor, up the tube and banjo's... into the rocker shafts and out the rockers to spray on the cam. The hole in the rocker is only slightly smaller than the restrictor... times 4. So a lot more hole area than the restrictor.

My guess would be it doesn't really help with longevity, but you'd get no short term problems.

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So I wonder if that’s the way the factory made them in the early engines , then modified them to a more open design later? I find the little changes that factories make as a model develops interesting.
That was my first thought, but there's only the one part # for the entire production run.

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Bob for the win... William for the confirmation. :cheers:

Funny, just grabbed the first couple of restrictors I ran across. What are the odds of one being the original off that motor? 😜
Did some more digging and not a single one I have is worth a damn. They all have the wrench flats buggered up. All except the original, which I'm not gonna use. Got a good serviceable one, William?
 
I noticed the other day during cleanup that one of the holes in the lower case wasn't cut correctly. It's not one of the holes that needs a copper washer for sealing, but I decided it wasn't right and needed fixin'. There's a casting relief that runs halfway across the hole that the factory never cleaned up.

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I don't have a mill, but the drill press should handle it. Chucked up a 3/4" spot facer and it did a pretty good job. A little chatter... but it'll work.

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Checked the crank in some V blocks and couldn't see any runout whatsoever.... true as an arrow.

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Nothin' for it... let's put the bottom end back together. Lots of assembly lube, new seals and gaskets. ARS seals. The best there is... and an SCM casket set.

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Crank spins smoothly, as does the tranny. Still shifts into all 5 gears plus neutral... I'll take it.
Still waiting on a new cam chain. Should be here early next week. Then I can flip it and go to work on the top end.
 
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