Let's do some math! Woo! I love math!
bore on the caliper is 38.1mm, = surface area of 1140mm
13 mm master cylinder surface area = 132mm
16 mm master cylinder surface area = 201mm
13mm single caliper ratio = 1140/132 = 8.63
13mm dual caliper ratio = 1140*2/132=17.27
16mm single caliper ratio = 1140/201 = 5.67
16mm dual caliper ratio = 1140*2/201 = 11.34
So, differences are 17.27/11.34, or 1.5.
What does this mean? Basically, all other things being equal, it will require 1.5 times the amount of pressure on the brake lever to apply to same force to the brake rotors with the 13mm vs the 16mm.
But it doesn't matter, because you're applying twice as much braking force with two rotors, so you will
still have a better response than with a single rotor.
Interestingly, in the article you referenced, if you check what his preferences are, (a ratio of 13 for single, 27 for dual), he'd have you running a 10mm apparently, or a 9mm if it went that far. Huh.
As another note, early XS's had a 22mm master cylinder - but that's because they had dual disc, dual piston.
As another side point, what *would* a 22mm ratio be?
22mm master cylinder area = 380mm (whoa)
22mm single caliper ratio = 1140/380 = 3
22mm dual caliper ratio = 1140*2/380 = 6
hm. That would be a *tight* brake.
Also, part of this ratio business is how sticky your pads are - and the stock pads just really aren't that sticky. Combine that with stainless steel which is slippery to begin with, and it's not an issue.
ps - by "sticky", i don't mean "won't stop you", i mean the tendency to suddenly stick, or grab, which is bad.
Cheers!