The stock rear is 20mm. Not sure about your plan though, I have a feeling that the axle is hardened after threading. Might be hard to do and the results might not hold up so well. Also, have you tried faking everything - chain and brakes included - with those washers on the outside next to the nut to see if everything still clears the way you want to go? Swingarm or hardtail, I'd still be concerned about what TwoJugs mentioned.
This is all speculation and you may have thought of it all already, I'm just trying to envision the problems.