Purplezinger
XS650 Addict
These engines were designed at a time when fuel had a far higher octane number. The super high test at today's pumps would only be regular gas back then. The real reason to retard the ignition when using tall gearing is to prevent knock. The side effect is apparent smoothness. Pinging/knocking/preignition can quickly destroy an engine. High loads at low RPM are a recipe for failure.XSJohn (bless his memory) was pretty strong on retarding the timing when re-gearing our 650s to provide stronger, smoother take-off in 1st gear and posted pictures showing how to do it. I put 18T front & 31T rear sprockets on my '82 with stock 16 inch diameter rear wheel and followed his instructions - it worked out to about 5 degrees retard from factory spec. It takes off very smoothly (fairly level ground around here in SE Michigan).