So your rotor is good, brushes are new. sounds like you know the battery is good. That leaves stator regulator and wiring.
Remove the brush wires, check resistance from either rotor ring to the engine it should be infinite (no reading or needle movement.) If the needle moves or you get a reading other than infinite then the rotor internal wiring is grounded out somewhere.
If that checks good. then,
On your system one brush goes to +12 the other brush is grounded through the regulator as needed. SO....disconnect the green brush wire (the one that grounds to the regulator) . have the brown brush wire going to +12 like in the diagram. Start the engine. Touch a wire from the (green) brush to ground, that should cause full charge say 13-14 volts at idle. if you rev the engine the voltage should go way up 16 maybe. don't do this for long just blip to see if it goes up. If that kills the engine then I would disconnect the brown wire at both ends. use a jumper wire from the brown brush to the battery hot. connect the green to the regulator if it charges now there is a short in the brown wire in your harness somewhere. There is a short somewhere in your system I think it is directly in the charging system somewhere.